Kali

Some note on installing, configuring and using Kali.

Basic Config

Kali user

Here are the Kali default credentials. Change the credentials for default users kali and root.

sudo passwd kali
sudo passwd root

Feel free to add new user e.g. 0xfab1 with full privileges:

sudo useradd -m 0xfab1
sudo passwd 0xfab1
sudo usermod -a -G sudo 0xfab1
sudo chsh -s /bin/bash 0xfab1
su 0xfab1
whoami

Update OS

Run this once as root to add new keys (only required on old Kali Builds):

su root
sudo apt install gcc-8-base
sudo wget -q -O - https://archive.kali.org/archive-key.asc | apt-key add
sudo dpkg --configure -a

Switch back to your user e.g. fab1 and run an update

su 0xfab1
sudo apt update && sudo apt -y full-upgrade && sudo apt -y autoremove && sudo apt -y autoclean

Install more tools (alt install kali-linux-default or kali-linux-large)

sudo apt-get install kali-linux-everything

Options to get current version

lsb_release -a
cat /etc/os-release
hostnamectl
/proc/version

Localization

Set german keyboard:

setxkbmap -layout de

Set german timezone:

sudo timedatectl set-timezone Europe/Berlin
sudo timedatectl set-ntp on

Enlargen Disk

Use fdisk to enlargen /dev/sda (e.g. when providing more disk space to the VM)

df -h # check current space
sudo fdisk /dev/sda # run fdisk to resize the partition
→ u # change the units to sectors
→ p # list the partitions details
→ d # delete the partition
→ n # create a new partition
→ p # create a primary partition
→ 1 # create first partition
→ (default) # starting sector  
→ (default) # ending sector
→ w # Write the partition
sudo resize2fs /dev/sda1
sudo reboot
df -h # verfiy space has increased

WiFi issues

Check the NetworkManager.conf

sudo nano /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

If "managed=false" set this to true

[ifupdown]
managed=true

now save the file and restart the network manager.

systemctl restart NetworkManager

Monitor Mode

Search for network devices in Monitor Mode and Access Points

iwconfig 2>/dev/null | grep "Mode\\:Monitor" | awk '{print $1}'
iwconfig 2>&1 | sed -n -e 's/^.\*Access Point: //p'

Get a GUI

Runstartx if you are on a local machine, in a console and have a GUI installed.

Kali in WSL2 with GUI

Set WSL version 2

(New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile("https://wslstorestorage.blob.core.windows.net/wslblob/wsl_update_x64.msi", "wsl_update_x64.msi") 
Start-Process msiexec.exe -Wait -ArgumentList '/I wsl_update_x64.msi /quiet' 
wsl --set-version kali-linux 2

Update Kali and install kex

sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y kali-linux-large
sudo apt install -y kali-win-kex
kex start
kex --esm --sound

Add option in windows terminal

Basic Win-KeX in seamless mode with sound:

{
      "guid": "{55ca431a-3a87-5fb3-83cd-11ececc031d2}",
      "hidden": false,
      "name": "Win-KeX",
      "commandline": "wsl -d kali-linux kex --esm --sound"
}

Enable RDP for Azure

Make sure ssh (22) and rdp (3389) ports are open.

Depending on your setup you can open a port in Azure CLI as follows:

az vm open-port --resource-group myResourceGroup --name myVM --port 3389

Connect via SSH to Kali and run the following commands:

sudo apt update
sudo apt-get -y install xfce4
sudo apt-get -y install xrdp
sudo systemctl enable xrdp
echo xfce4-session >~/.xsession
sudo service xrdp restart

Some notes: (ignore this)

service xrdp-sesman start
update-rc.d xrdp enable
apt-get remove gnome-core
apt-get install lxde-core lxde kali-defaults kali-root-login desktop-base

Troubleshooting

/dev/sda1 contains a file system with errors

Error

(Initramfs): /dev/sda1 contains a file system with errors, check forced.
  Inodes that were a part of a corrupted orphan linked lost found.
  /dev/sda1 : UNEXPECTED INCONSISTENCY; RUN fsck manually.(I.e .,
  without -a or -p options). fsck exited with status code 4. The root
  filesystem on /dev/sda1 requires a manual fsck

Solution

fsck -yf /dev/sda1
exit